Biomedical researchers study species as disparate as worms, fruit flies, mice, zebrafish, or rhesus monkeys to understand our genes, and even our diseases. Why?

Question 1 (2 points)

A group of medical researchers investigated the effects of a drug called Pressure Drop X on lowering blood pressure in a group of women between the ages of 60 and 80 years old. The researchers did the following experiment and obtained the indicated results: One group of 150 women took a tablet containing Pressure Drop X for 3 weeks – 95 of these women experienced decreased blood pressure by at least 10%. Another group of 150 women were given a tablet with no added Pressure Drop X for 3 weeks – 10 of these women decreased their blood pressure by 10%. What are the controlled variables in this experiment?

Question 1 options:

	Amount of Pressure Drop X
	Blood pressure
	The age and gender of the participants
	The 3 week time period and sample size of 150
	The group of women that received the pills with no added Pressure Drop X

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Question 2 (2 points)

The effectiveness of a medication containing growth hormone is tested on a group of young male rabbits 3 weeks of age. The best control group would be:

Question 2 options:

	(a) any group of rabbits
	(b) a group of young male rabbits 3 weeks of age, not given the medication
	(c) a group of young female rabbits 3 weeks of age, not given the medication
	(d) a group of male adult rabbits
	(e) no control is required; just measure whether the rabbits grew

Question 3 (2 points)

A substance with a pH greater than 7 is ___________, while a substance with a pH less that 7 is ___________.

Question 3 options:

	A ) basic, acidic
	B ) acidic, basic
	C ) basic, neutral
	D ) neutral, acidic
	E ) neutral, basic

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Question 4 (2 points)

What is the chemical bond called in which 2 atoms share one or more pairs of electrons?

Question 4 options:

	Polar
	Hydrogen
	Ionic
	Covalent

Question 5 (2 points)

Which macromolecule is the primary energy source for organisms?

Question 5 options:

	A) Sunlight
	B) Protein
	C) Fat
	D) Carbohydrate
	E) Nucleic acid

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Question 6 (2 points)

You examine a cell under a microscope and you do not see a well-defined nucleus. What type of cell is this?

Question 6 options:

	Prokaryotic
	Eukaryotic
	Plant
	Animal

Question 7 (2 points)

What is the atomic number of an element with 6 protons, 7 neutrons and 6 electrons?

Question 7 options:

	7
	13
	6
	12

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Question 8 (2 points)

Which of the following statements about mitosis and meiosis is *NOT* true?

Question 8 options:

	The cells resulting from meiosis are diploid and the cells resulting from mitosis are haploid.
	Meiosis and meiosis both starts with one cell, meiosis ends with four and mitosis with two.
	Mitosis produces new cells for growth and repair, meiosis produces gametes.
	Mitosis goes through cytokinesis once, meiosis goes through cytokinesis twice.
	Cross over happens in meiosis, but not in mitosis.

Question 9 (2 points)

Which organelle contains digestive enzymes that may degrade different kinds of macromolecules?

Question 9 options:

	Chloroplast
	Endoplasmic reticulum
	Mitochondrion
	Lysosome
	Golgi body

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Question 10 (2 points)

What are two atoms with the same atomic number, but different mass numbers, called?

Question 10 options:

	radioactive
	isotopes
	proteins
	electrons
	nuclei

Question 11 (2 points)

Which of the following organisms are capable of cellular respiration?

Question 11 options:

	Poplar Trees
	Portabella Mushrooms
	Polar Bears
	Brown Algae
	All of these organisms are capable of cellular respiration

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Question 12 (2 points)

Consider a cell that underwent mitosis but not cytokinesis. What would the result be?

Question 12 options:

	One cell with one nucleus containing twice the normal number of chromosomes
	One cell with two nuclei, each containing a normal number of chromosomes
	Two daughter cells that are unusually small
	Two daughter cells with no nucleus
	Two daughter cells with twice the number of chromosomes

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Question 13 (2 points)

In humans, the allele for dimples (D) is dominant. The allele for not having dimples (d) is recessive. If a woman (DD) and a man (Dd) have four children, how many of the children will not have dimples?

Question 13 options:

	0
	1
	2
	3
	4

Question 14 (2 points)

A man carries a harmful sex-linked gene on his X chromosome. Who will he pass this on to?

Question 14 options:

	All of his daughters
	Half of his daughters
	All of his sons
	Half of his sons

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Question 15 (2 points)

Proteins are made based on information stored in genes through the process of ______ and ______

Question 15 options:

	respiration………translation
	translation……….mutation
	transcription……..translation
	respiration……transcription
	mRNA………traits

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Question 16 (2 points)

Which type of human cells are responsible for passing genes on to the next generation?

Question 16 options:

	Intestinal
	Immune
	Gamete
	Somatic

Question 17 (2 points)

What is the smallest biological unit that can evolve?

Question 17 options:

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Question 18 (2 points)

What is a recessive trait?